Color. It plays a vital role in design and everyday life. It can draw your eye to an image, evoke a certain mood or emotion, even communicate something important without using words at all. So, how do we know which colors look good together and which ones don't? The answer is simple: color theory.
顏色。顏色在設計和日常生活中扮演了很重要的角色。顏色可以將你的目光吸引到某個圖像上、喚起某種情緒或情感，甚至無須言語也能傳達意義。那我們該怎麼知道哪些顏色配在一起很好看，哪些配在一起很醜呢？答案很簡單：色彩理論。
Artists and designers have followed color theory for centuries, but anyone can learn more about it. It can help you feel confident in many different situations, whether it's choosing colors for a design or putting together the perfect outfit. All it takes is a little insight, and you'll be looking at color in a whole new way.
幾世紀以來，藝術家和設計師都依循色彩理論，但任何人都可以從中學習。這在很多不同狀況下能幫助你產生自信，無論是選擇某個設計的顏色，或是組合完美的穿搭。你需要的只是一點對顏色的理解，你就能以全新的眼光看待顏色。
Let's start at the beginning—the very beginning—with a refresher on the basics. Remember learning about primary and secondary colors in school? Then you already have some knowledge of color theory. Red and yellow make orange, yellow and blue make green, and blue and red make purple. If we mix these colors together, we get even more in-between shades, like red-orange and yellow-green. All together, they form what's called a color wheel. You can probably see where it gets its name.
讓我們從頭開始－－從基礎的基礎開始－－來一點基本的進修課程。還記得在學校學到的三原色和三間色嗎？那你就已經對色彩理論有一些認識了。紅色加黃色變成橘色、黃色加藍色變成綠色、藍色加紅色變成紫色。如果我們把這些色彩混合，就會得到更多顏色之間的色彩變化，像是紅橙色和黃綠色。這些顏色全部組合起來之後，就會形成叫做色環的東西。你應該能看出為什麼它叫這個名字。
Now, let's take it one step further with hue, saturation, and value. These are terms you might never see in daily life, but they're the key to understanding more nuanced colors, like all those little paint chips at the home improvement store.
我們再進一步看色相、飽和度和明度。你可能在日常生活中沒聽過這些詞，但它們卻是了解更細緻顏色的關鍵，就像那些在居家裝飾店的色卡一樣。
Hue is the easiest one. It's basically just another word for color. Saturation refers to intensity. In other words, whether the color appears more subtle or more vibrant. Value has to do with how dark or light the color is, ranging from black to white. As you can see, this gives us many different shades, from a deep reddish brown to light pastel pink.
「色相」是最簡單的。基本上就是「顏色」的另一個名稱。「飽和度」指的是色彩濃淡的程度。換句話說，就是色彩較黯淡或較鮮明。「明度」跟色彩的亮暗有關，範圍從黑色到白色。你可以看到，這能給我們不同的色調，從深紅棕色到淡粉紅色。
So, how do we put this all together to create professional-looking color schemes? There are actually tried-and-true formulas based on something called color harmony that can help. All you need is the color wheel.
那我們要怎麼把這些顏色組合在一起，並設計出有專業感的配色呢？其實已經有一些經證明的可靠配色方式可以派得上用場，而這是基於色彩調和的原理。你需要的就是色環。
The easiest formula for harmony is monochromatic because it only uses one color or hue. Just pick a spot on a color wheel and use your knowledge of saturation and value to create variations. The best thing about monochromatic color schemes is that they're guaranteed to match.
最簡單的調和配色就是單色配色，因為這種配色方式只用了單一顏色或色相。選一個色環上的顏色，並用你對飽和度和明度的概念創造不同的顏色變化。單色配色最棒的地方就是顏色一定配起來好看。
An analogous scheme uses colors that are next to each other on the wheel, like reds and oranges or cooler colors, like blues and greens. Don't be afraid to play with the palette and create your own unique interpretation. That's what these formulas really are: merely starting points to help guide and inspire you.
近似色配色法運用了色環上相鄰的顏色相互搭配，像是紅色和橘色，或是冷色系的藍色和綠色。放膽去玩色彩組合，創造出你獨有的詮釋。這就是這些配色法的重點所在：引導並激發你靈感的起始點。
Complementary colors are opposite each other on the wheel. For instance, blue and orange, or the classic red and green. To avoid complementary colors schemes that are too simplistic, add some variety by introducing lighter, darker, or desaturated tones.
互補色就是色環上位置相反的顏色。例如，藍色和橘色，或經典的紅配綠。為了避免互補配色法太過單調，可以利用亮色、暗色或不飽和色調創造多樣的顏色。
A split-complementary color scheme uses the colors on either side of the complement. This gives you the same level of contrast but more colors to work with and potentially, more interesting results.
補色分割配色法利用互補色相鄰的兩個顏色。這種配色法能給你同等程度的對比色，但能讓你運用更多色彩，可以創造出更多可能的有趣結果。
A triadic color scheme uses three colors that are evenly spaced, forming a perfect triangle on the wheel. These combinations tend to be pretty striking, especially with primary or secondary colors, so be mindful when using them in your work.
三等分配色法利用三個等距的顏色，組成圓環裡的正三角形。這些組合可能會很可怕，特別是有三原色和三間色的組合，所以作品中使用的時候要特別小心。
Tetradic color schemes form a rectangle on the wheel, using not one but two complementary color pairs. This formula works best if you let one color dominate while the others serve as an accent.
矩形配色法在圓環中形成一個矩形，利用兩組互補色搭配。如果以其中一種顏色當主要顏色，以其他為輔，效果會最好。
There are a few classic dos and don'ts when it comes to color. For instance, have you ever seen colors that seem to vibrate when they're placed next to each other? The solution is to tone it down, literally. And there's a simple way to do it. Start with one color, and try adjusting its lightness, darkness, or saturation. Sometimes, a little contrast is all your color palette needs.
說到顏色，有一些典型的注意事項。例如，你有沒有看過顏色配在一起後，看起來在顫動？解決方法就是真的減低色調。有個簡單的方式可以參考。從某個顏色開始，試著調整明亮度、深淺、或飽和度。有時候，你的色彩組合只是需要一點對比。
Readability is an important factor in any design. Your color should be legible, engaging, and easy on the eyes. Sometimes, that means not using color, at least not in every little detail. Neutral colors like black, white, and gray can help you balance your design, so when you do use color, it really stands out.
可讀性是任何設計中的要素。你的顏色必須清楚可讀、引人注目並賞心悅目。有時候代表根本不需要用到顏色，或至少不是在每個細節都加顏色。像是黑白灰這種中性色彩有助於平衡你的設計，所以當你真的用到別種色彩的時候，會顯得突出。
Every color sends a message. It's important to consider the tone of your project and choose a color palette that fits. For example, bright colors tend to have a fun or modern vibe. Desaturated colors often appear more businesslike. Sometimes, it just depends on the context. You'd be surprised how flexible color can be.
每個顏色都有要傳達的訊息。考慮整個企畫的調性並選擇適合的顏色是很重要的。例如，明亮色會給人歡樂或現代的氛圍。非飽和色看起來會比較有條不紊。有時候其實是內容決定調性。你會很驚訝顏色可以這麼彈性。
You can find ideas for color schemes in all kinds of interesting places, from advertising and branding to famous works of art. You can even use a web resource to browse color palettes or generate your own. Even experienced designers take inspiration from the world around them. There's nothing wrong with finding something you like and making it your own.
你可以在各種有趣的地方找到配色靈感，從廣告、品牌到知名的藝術作品。你也可以用網路資源瀏覽色彩組合或創造你自己的配色。甚至有經驗的設計師也會從生活周遭尋找靈感。找到自己喜歡並配出自己的色調也沒什麼不妥。
Everywhere you look, there's color, color, and more color. It can be intimidating to use it in your work, but it doesn't have to be. Just keep experimenting and remember what you've learned about color theory. Soon, choosing great-looking colors will feel like second nature.
目光所及之處都是顏色、顏色和更多顏色。在作品中運用顏色可能會很可怕，但也不需要這麼可怕。只要繼續實驗，並記得你從色彩理論學到的知識。很快的，選出漂亮的配色很快就會像天性這麼自然了。
We hope you enjoyed learning the basics of color. Check out the rest of our design topics, including typography, images, and composition.
希望你有盡情學習了色彩的基礎知識。看看其他設計主題吧，有字型、圖像和排版。
- 「組合、拼裝」- Put Together
It can help you feel confident in many different situations, whether it's choosing colors for a design or putting together the perfect outfit.
這在很多不同狀況下能幫助你產生自信，無論是選擇某個設計的顏色，或是組合完美的穿搭。 - 「賞心悅目」- Easy On The Eyes
Your color should be legible, engaging, and easy on the eyes.
你的顏色必須清楚可讀、引人注目並賞心悅目。
