Psychologist Endel Tulving said, "Remembering is mental time travel."
心理學家安道爾‧圖威說過：「回憶是一種精神上的時間旅行。」
Soy latte for Joe.
Joe 的豆漿拿鐵。
Thanks.
謝啦。
Remembering is one of the greatest powers that we possessed—the ability to learn from our past, to return to where we've been so we can decide where we're going.
回憶是我們所擁有最強大的力量之一－－從過去中學習，並重回我們經歷過的場景的能力，讓我們決定該往哪裡走。
Oh, man!
喔，天!
But can we return to where we've never been?
但我們能回到我們沒經歷過的場景嗎？
Soy latte for Joe.
Joe 的豆漿拿鐵。
Yeah. Uh...thanks. Could have sworn I just—Is it me or does this seem familiar? Feel like I've seen this before...
好。呃...謝了。我可以發誓我剛剛才－－是我的錯覺還是這似乎有點熟悉？覺得我之前好像看過...
Oh, man!
喔，天!
...or as the French would say "deja vu."
...或就像法國人會說的「似曾相識」。
As many as 90 percent of us will experience deja vu during our lives, mainly in our teens and 20s, and almost never before age eight or nine. Deja vu isn't a physical phenomenon we can pinpoint in a brain scan. It's a feeling, and not one that we totally understand. But we've got a few theories.
多達百分之九十的人會在人生中經歷似曾相識的狀況，最主要是在我們青少年或二十幾歲的時候，而且幾乎不會在八、九歲之前發生。似曾相識並不是用腦部掃描就可以精確確定的物理現象。那是種感覺，而且不是我們完全理解的感覺。但有一些理論可以解釋這現象。
Our memories aren't exact copies that we just write once and then store like files on a computer or pictures in a box under our bed. Remembering is really more like reliving. Our brains are constantly scanning our senses to determine if what we're experiencing is familiar. And once we label a stimulus as familiar, a different brain region called the hippocampus recalls the memory associated with it, refiring the neural circuits that hold that piece of our past, and we live the experience again in our minds. If these steps get out of sync, if something is deemed familiar, but we fail to recall the context, that could be deja vu.
我們的記憶並不是精確的拷貝副本，只寫一次，就變成像儲存在電腦裡的檔案，也不是放進床下盒子裡的照片。回憶其實比較像重新經歷一次。我們的大腦不斷地掃描我們的感知，來判斷我們經歷的事情是不是熟悉的。而我們只要將某種刺激標示為熟悉，腦內另一個稱之為海馬迴的區域會叫出有關聯的回憶，重新點燃掌握那塊過去記憶的神經迴路，而我們就會在頭腦裡重新再經歷一次。如果這些步驟沒有同步，如果某些事情被認為是很熟悉的，但我們沒有成功回想起當時的情境，那就有可能會產生似曾相識的狀況。
But that doesn't explain why we feel deja vu for experiences that are truly unfamiliar or why we don't experience it for every familiar thing.
但那並沒有解釋到為什麼對於真的沒有經驗的事情還是會有似曾相識的感覺，或是為什麼我們並沒有對所有經歷過的事情都有似曾相識的感覺。
Soy latte for Joe.
Joe 的豆漿拿鐵。
Yep.
好哩。
We don't realize how hard our brains work behind the scenes filtering our environment—Gesundheit!—unconsciously determining if what we experience is new until it doesn't work.
我們不知道我們的腦袋在背後多麼辛苦地過濾我們的環境－－上帝保佑你－－並在無意中決定我們哪些經驗是新的，直到無法再運作為止。
Oh!
噢!
Oh, man!
喔，天!
Our various sensory inputs—smells, sounds, sights—are normally processed and mixed together as one event. Another deja vu theory says if one of those stimuli is recorded out of sync, the late arriving information could be flagged as a different event, which makes it feel as if it has happened before.
我們多樣的感官投入－－嗅覺、聽覺、視覺－－通常會被處理並混雜成一個事件。另一個關於似曾相識的理論認為，如果其中一種刺激在非同步的情況下被記錄下來，後來才到達的資訊會被標示成另一個不同事件，就會讓我們感覺這件事情好像發生過。
Or it could be a malfunction in how memories are made in the first place. Normally, new experiences stop off in our short-term memory before being written into long-term storage. Skip the first, and it could feel like we're recalling new events as old ones.
或者，也有可能是起初記憶生成時就出了問題。通常新的經歷會停留在短期記憶中，接著被寫進長期記憶儲存區。如果跳過第一步驟，回想新的經驗時會像是想起舊的經驗一樣。
Or perhaps when we focus on one part of our environment, the rest of our world drifts to the unconscious, and when we snap back to reality, it feels like we've been there before, because we have. Just now.
或者可能當我們專注在環境中的某一部份，而我們的世界的其他部分漂流到無意識中，拉回現實的時候，會覺得我們好像曾經經歷過類似的場景，因為真的有過。就在剛剛。
This feelings of misplaced familiarity are familiar to us, but the what, the where, and the why of deja vu remain unknown.
這種錯置的熟悉感對我們來說很熟悉，但這件事的本質，或在哪裡及為什麼會發生似曾相識依舊是未知。
Soy latte for—
豆漿拿鐵給－－
Got it, thanks.
知道了，謝啦。
All in all, there's dozens of plausible explanations for it, and maybe more than one is right. Bless you!
總而言之，這個現象有數十種可能的解釋，而且可能不只一個是對的。上帝保佑你!
There's no neat answer, but no mind or memory is perfect. The only way we'll get to the bottom of deja vu is to experience it all over again.
並沒有最簡單聰明的答案，但沒有任何頭腦和記憶是完美的。但要弄清楚似曾相識的真相，只有從頭再經歷一次了。
Oh, man!
喔，天!
Yeah, I could've. Stay curious.
對，我原本可以的。隨時保持好奇心吧。
- 「不同步」- Out Of Sync
If these steps get out of sync, if something is deemed familiar, but we fail to recall the context, that could be deja vu.
如果這些步驟沒有同步，如果某些事情被認為是很熟悉的，但我們沒有成功回想起當時的情境，那就有可能會產生似曾相識的狀況。 - 「起初、最初」- In The First Place
Or it could be a malfunction in how memories are made in the first place.
或者，也有可能是起初記憶生成時就出了問題。 - 「中途停留」- Stop Off
Normally, new experiences stop off in our short-term memory before being written into long-term storage.
通常新的經歷會停留在短期記憶中，接著被寫進長期記憶儲存區。 - 「（從之前的狀況）被拉回」- Snap Back
Or perhaps when we focus on one part of our environment, the rest of our world drifts to the unconscious, and when we snap back to reality, it feels like we've been there before, because we have.
或者可能當我們專注在環境中的某一部份，而我們的世界的其他部分漂流到無意識中，拉回現實的時候，會覺得我們好像曾經經歷過類似的場景，因為真的有過。 - 「弄清...的真相」- Get To The Bottom Of
The only way we'll get to the bottom of deja vu is to experience it all over again.
但要弄清楚似曾相識的真相，只有從頭再經歷一次了。
