Believe it or not, but your body odor can tell you a lot about your health. It can tell you if your personal hygiene is a bit off, if you're ingesting something you shouldn't, and can even be a marker for certain diseases. No need to panic, however. The best thing to do is be informed. And if you have a smell on you, or coming out of you, that's a bit iffy, get yourself to the doctor. Here are some of the most common body odors and what they could mean about your health.
信不信由你，不過你的體味可以傳達出許多健康資訊。它可以告訴你你的個人衛生是否有點差、你是否吃了什麼不該吃的東西，甚至還可能是特定幾種疾病的徵兆。不過不用慌張。最佳的做法是多加了解。如果你身上有稍微不對勁的味道，或散發出不太對勁的味道，去找醫生。這裡是一些常見的體味，以及它們可能代表的健康警訊。
Consistent bad breath
持續的壞口氣
Nobody wants "halitosis"—the term Listerine invented for bad breath. But while the word may have been a made-up marketing ploy, bad breath is real, and it stinks. People who spend lots of time worrying about it buy gum, mints, breath spray, and more to combat it. But if you have consistently bad breath, it could be a sign of something more than just a bad breakfast choice.
沒人想要有「口臭症」－－這是李施德霖替壞口氣發明的用語。但儘管這個字可能是被發明出來的行銷手段，壞口氣卻是真的，而且很臭。花很多時間擔心口臭的人購買口香糖、薄荷糖、口腔清新噴霧還有更多東西來對抗它。不過如果你有持續的壞口氣，那可能代表比早餐吃錯東西更嚴重的事情。
Research says that in 90 percent of cases of people who have consistently bad breath, the cause comes from the oral cavity—better known as your mouth. This can be because of bacterial buildup on the tongue, or actual tooth decay can cause a bad smell. And when people have poor oral hygiene or a propensity for it, they develop gingivitis and periodontitis. So unless you want this to happen in the next staff meeting...
研究表示百分之九十有持續壞口氣的人的案例，原因來自口腔－－較常聽到的名字是你的嘴巴。這可能是因為細菌在舌頭上積累，或是真的蛀牙也能造成一股臭味。而當人們口腔衛生或習性不佳時，他們會得到牙齦炎和牙周炎。所以除非你想要下次員工會議時發生這種事...
"You have bad breath caused by gingivitis."
「你有牙齦炎造成的口臭。」
...remember to brush and floss regularly, avoid tobacco, and see a dentist twice per year for cleanings and to check the health of your gums. If none of that helps, the smell might be coming from sinus issues or even from gastrointestinal problems. When in doubt, have a doctor check it out.
...記得常刷牙和用牙線清潔、避開菸草，然後每年找牙醫洗牙兩次和檢查牙齦健康。如果上述方法都沒用，那氣味可能是因鼻竇問題或甚至腸胃問題而起。當有疑慮時，請醫生做個檢查。
Sweet breath
帶甜的口氣
If your breath is sweet, you could have a different problem altogether.
如果你的嘴裡有甜味，你可能有截然不同的問題。
"All gone, homie."
「全沒啦，老兄。」
"Can I at least smell your breath?"
「能讓我至少聞一下你呼出的氣嗎？」
Fruity-smelling breath can be a sign of diabetic ketoacidosis, a condition that occurs when the body's unable to break down glucose as fuel because of a lack of insulin. The body uses fat as fuel instead, which releases ketones into the bloodstream. High levels of ketones are dangerous and life-threatening. Have your doctor check your sugar and insulin levels to make sure you're not diabetic.
散發水果味的口氣可能是糖尿病酮酸中毒的徵兆，那是種當身體因為缺少胰島素而無法分解葡萄糖作為燃料時會發生的疾病。身體轉而利用脂肪當燃料，這釋放出酮到血流中。酮含量高會造成危險且威脅生命。讓醫生檢查你的血糖和胰島素水平來確定你沒有糖尿病。
It's worth noting that another sign of diabetes is sweet-smelling sweat. Some people report a maple syrupy smell because there's actually sugar that builds up on the skin. If your breath is sweet and kind of musty, it's a bad sign that you could have liver problems. Doctors are now using breath analysis to try to detect liver problems. If you have this symptom, schedule a liver test with your doctor to make sure you're in the clear.
另一個值得注意的糖尿病徵兆是帶甜味的汗。有些人呈報汗有種楓糖漿的味道，因為真的有糖份在皮膚上堆積。如果你的呼吸甜膩且帶點霉味，這是你可能有肝病的壞跡象。醫生們目前利用呼氣分析嘗試偵測肝臟問題。如果你有這種徵狀，和醫生排定肝臟檢測來確定你沒問題。
Sour or rancid sweat
帶酸或有腐敗氣味的汗
Everyone knows that some body odor is normal, especially after a slackening of ordinary hygiene routines.
大家都知道有點體味是正常的，特別是在日常衛生習慣鬆懈後。
"I haven't taken a shower since we got here."
「打從我們到這後我就沒洗澡了。」
"I know. You stink. I love it."
「我知道。你好臭。我愛死了。」
If your body odor is worse than usual, you could be due for a change in your diet, or your hormones might have something to do with it. Drink plenty of water to avoid this embarrassing issue, and see your doctor if you start having night sweats for no reason. That may be a sign of infection or disease. Also, if you start sweating way more than normal with no clear reason, this might be an indicator of hyperthyroidism. And if you start to smell bleachy, you should really get a medical opinion immediately, because that could be an indication of a liver or kidney problem.
如果你的體味比平常更重，你可能是時候該改變飲食了，或者你的賀爾蒙也許也有些關係。喝大量的水來避免這種窘況，如果你開始沒來由地夜裡盜汗，去看一下你的醫生。那可能是感染或疾病的跡象。此外，如果你不明地開始比平常多流很多汗，這可能是甲狀腺功能亢進症的代表。如果你開始聞起來有漂白水的味道，你真的就應該立刻聽聽醫生的意見，因為那可能是肝或腎出問題的跡象。
Foul urine odor
尿液有惡臭
Urine usually has no scent, and when it does, it's usually a bit ammonia-like. If it has a stronger smell, the top culprit is dehydration. Drink lots of water and it'll clear right up. However, if your urine smells even more like ammonia than usual or it smells sort of sickly sweet, you could be getting a urinary tract infection. This will be accompanied by discomfort when you urinate, so get to a doctor right away to get an antibiotic.
尿液通常沒有氣味，而當它有時，那通常聞起來有點像阿摩尼亞。如果尿液有更強烈的氣味，最主要的因素是脫水。喝許多水然後那就會馬上消失了。然而，如果你的尿液聞起來比平常更像阿摩尼亞，或它聞起來有點令人作嘔的甜味，你可能有尿道感染的症狀。這會伴隨著排尿時的不適感，所以立刻找醫生拿抗生素。
Speaking of which, having some amount of genital discharge is normal, but when it's accompanied by a smell, it's time to go to the doctor. Yeast infections, sexually transmitted diseases, and other infections like bacterial vaginosis can all cause smells down there and all require a doctor for treatment.
說到這，有一些私密處分泌物是正常的，不過當那帶有一股味道時，是時候去看醫生了。酵母菌感染、性病以及其它像是細菌性陰道炎的感染都可能造成下面有異味，且全需要看醫生治療。
Of course, there are some nether region battles that affect everyone.
當然，人體下面有一些戰爭會對所有人造成影響。
Unusually foul-smelling flatulence
帶異常臭味的胃腸脹氣問題
Everybody has flatulence—it's a normal part of digestion. In fact, most people pass gas 10 to 20 times every day. It never smells great, but if it's particularly foul, you could be facing a digestive absorption issue, lactose intolerance, or even a bacteria or virus in your gut.
大家都會胃腸脹氣－－那是消化過程中很正常的一個環節。事實上，大多數的人每天會排氣十到二十次。那從來不好聞，不過如果它特別臭，你可能正遭遇到消化吸收問題、乳糖不耐症，或甚至是腸道裡有細菌或病毒。
"Well, you have milk in the taters, milk in the gravy, Parmesan crust. Your lactose-intolerant boyfriend will turn into a gas-filled Macy's Day balloon!"
「嗯，妳馬鈴薯裡有牛奶、肉汁裡有牛奶、帕馬森起司餅皮。妳那有乳糖不耐症的男友等下就會變成梅西百貨感恩節遊行的大氣球!」
So, if the foulness becomes unidentifiable and intolerable, it's probably best to rule out any potential digestive problems, just in case.
如果臭味變得難以辨別且無法忍受，排除掉任何可能的消化問題或許是最好的，只是以防萬一。
Fishy odor
臭魚味
If someone smells like fish all the time, it's likely they have fish odor syndrome, or trimethylaminuria. Yes, this is a real thing. It's rare, but there is a genetic condition that makes people smell like rotting fish. It might not affect a lot of people, but when someone does suffer this off-putting condition, it tends to take a major toll on their social and romantic lives.
如果一個人一直有魚的味道，他們可能罹患臭魚症，或稱三甲基胺尿症。沒錯，真有這種病。那很罕見，不過有一種基因疾病會讓人聞起來像腐敗中的魚。這可能不會影響很多人，不過當一個人真的受這種討厭的疾病所苦時，那往往會對他們的社交和感情生活造成嚴重傷害。
Know what's normal
知道什麼是正常情況
We can't smell like fresh flowers or soap all the time—even healthy bodies can smell a little funky sometimes.
我們不可能一直聞起來像鮮花或香皂－－就連健康的身體有時候都可能聞起來有點臭。
"You're a fat loser, and you have body odor."
「你是一個胖魯蛇，而且你還有體臭。」
"All right."
「好喔。」
Our natural pheromones are part of what makes us who we are. However, if you have body odors that concern you, it's a good idea to see a doctor. There's a fine line between your natural stink and a health problem that is displayed with a particular odor. The good news is that your nose knows the difference between what's ordinary and what's not.
我們天生的費洛蒙是構成我們這個人的一部分。然而，如果你有困擾你的體味，找醫生看看是個好主意。你本身的臭味和健康問題引起的特殊異味只有一點點差異。好消息是你的鼻子知道一般和異常氣味的差異。
Thanks for watching!
謝謝收看!
